| roots | pinyin, English |
| 亻左 | rén man, zûo¹ left |
| synonyms | |
| 輔 | fû¹ : assist |
| 利 | lì : help |
| help | WO, LY, AL, RP, DH |
| proposed to help | AW |
| wholeheartedly help | WW |
| assist | JL, PC, L1, WC, EC, RH, VM, DC, GR |
| aid | C1 |
| advise | FE, DL |
| minister | AH |
| guide | W1 |
| principle | CM |
| serves | PI |
| [omits] | JS |
Many translators apply "zhe" to the "zuo" those who help instead of the "zhu" those who rule; however, it is omitted from the MWD. Otherwise, all sources agree, including GD.
I have chosen "aid" as it has both political and personal connotations; "help" does not seem political enough, and "assist" too bland; "advise", "minister", "guide" have the right feel but are perhaps too exact.